Viking Weather and Melt Zone Free Essay Example, 750 words

ï » ¿GREENLAND-GLACIERS-MELTDOWN A review of the articles written by Tom Folgers â€Å"Viking Weather†( pages 52 to 67) [and the â€Å"Melt Zone† by Mark Jenkins, ,(pages 40 to 43,), both June 2010 issue and The Big Melt by Brook Larmer, (pages 66 to 79) April 2010 issue, ] in the National Geographic Magazine. { Customer Please Check words wanted} [also on the National Geographic site ] The Summary The ice blanket covering Greenland is melting fast as the land strangely warms twice as fast as most of the world. Holding nearly seven percent of the world’s fresh water its frozen water cover is shrinking by about 50 cubic miles each year in a vicious cycle of ice melting and global warming. Atmospheric pollution which increases the soot content of ‘Cryoconite’ the mineral dust sediment, getting deposited on the ice sheet like a black curtain by world air circulation is increasing the solar heat absorption. As a consequence of this increased melting the sea level is projected to increase by 24 feet which will inundate coastlines around the world and endanger the water reservoirs of the world and leading to prospect of â€Å"water wars† especially in Asia e. g.We will write a custom essay sample on Viking Weather and Melt Zone or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now between China and India etc. Though this would mean a global catastrophe as entire coastal nations are submerged, the ice veil lifts to reveal a host of treasures in the form of oil [worth more than four trillion dollars? ], rare earth metals, and more of the greener pastures for the Greenlanders whose government revenues are supported to the extent of 60% or $ 620 million by their Danish colonizers. Greenland’s population, which depends heavily on fishing, descendants mostly of the Inuit from Canada and the Danish, living, according to the CIA fact book â€Å"on a narrow icecap covering all but a narrow, mountainous, barren, rocky coast† [CIA Fact book]. The land was first settled by the Vikings under the famous Erik the Red who, after four centuries were inexplicably wiped out, a scenario that can very well rise again in the future for the present settlers of the land also unless given serious attention. Research Methodology The auth ors had direct interviews with the people as well as the investigating scientists and even travelling with them on their hazardous missions to inspect their data collection methods. This has resulted also in several graphic photos of spectacular beauty, available for public view in the connected Photo Gallery. [Photo Gallery] Critical Evaluation of the Source’s Usefulness: This article is a primer intended for the average reader initiating him in to the mysteries of climate change. The reaction of the local people to these earth shaking events and the effect on their daily life is dealt with very colorfully. The photo of ‘a pothole burned into the ice by Cryoconite, buried air and gas from bacteria and algae bubbled to the surface, where a midnight freeze trapped them’ makes fine eye candy at the same time, graphically illustrating the effect of Cryoconite on the ice. Most of the other photos do the same. The article is high in ‘local color’ but the presentation of the scientific aspects could have been improved. However it highlights how the everyday life of a people can be changed by a phenomenon till now considered a scientific curiosity. The researchers could have used the extensive data and far more explicit maps clearly describing the situation from agencies such a s The Snow and Ice Data Center, NASA etc easily available from the web. A more thorough academic understanding of the problem is available through internet sources, but this deficiency is to be expected in an article intended for general reading. Tone: The writer calls attention to the anomalous ground realities of the exotic and quaint place very dramatically in the first paragraph itself by presenting the improbable mix of plants, attracting the attention. The article highlights the effect of the changing weather in the life of the people and its high disturbance potential especially in the local environment calling world attention to take climate change issues very seriously using the magazine’s wide world wide circulation. Limitations and Strengths of the Article/Evidence. An article intended for general reading may not be naturally expected to be scientifically proficient enough to provide a comprehensive understanding of a professional discipline and therein lies its main defects. Some more scientific inputs, like from the NASA, The National Snow and Ice Data Center etc could have been added training the public to think more logically. For example, consider the fine point of distinction about the Greenland ice cap melt. Only the ice cap melts over landmasses like Greenland and Antarctica can contribute significantly to sea level rise [The Seattle Times]. Another exceptional point, also the fantastic rate of reduction of the Arctic ice cap by nearly half in the past ten years is not mentioned. [The Seattle Times ]. The counter arguments of the theories are also not presented. The scientific aspect could have been given more emphasis to provide a better academic understanding. Works Cited CIA fact book Greenland. CIA-The World Fact Book. The CIA. Web. n.d. 13 Nov 2010. URL: https: //www. cia. gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/gl. html National Geographic site Changing Greenland. Viking Weather. The National Geographic Magazine. /2010/06.Web. 13 Nov 2010 URL: ngm. nationalgeographic. com/2010/06/Viking-weather/folger-text, URL: ngm. nationalgeographic. com/. ../melt- zone/greenland-animation - Photo Gallery Changing Greenland - Melt Zone Photo Gallery - National Geographic. com. 06/2010.Web. 13 Nov2010 URL: ngm. nationalgeographic. com/2010/06/melt-zone/balog-photography The Seattle Times Arctic ice caps to melt faster than feared, scientists say. The Seattle Times. The Seattle Times Company. 7/9/2007 . Web. 13 Nov2010 URL: http: //seattletimes. nwsource. com/html/localnews/2003873003_arcticice07m. html

Slavery And The African Holocaust Essay - 2975 Words

Slavery a practise that took absolute freedom away from African people for over 500 sometimes it is even referred to as the ‘African Holocaust’ because the estimated lives lost because of the slave trade is thought to be up to 100 million. And in 1691 this hideous practise was introduced to America and continued for another 250 years and it was only in the 18th century that America began to question the morality of slavery. This lead to a divide in the American people you were either pro or anti slavery. Due to geography Southern states benefited much more from slavery than Northern states did because they had the environment the could sustain plantations and their population was lower and less condensed. Northern states however due of the advent of industrialism did not need or benefit economically from slavery and because of higher importance placed on education and immigration there was a growing diversity of cultures and people so they were more aware of the moral is sues involved with a practise like slavery. Another factor that contributed to the growing resentment of slavery in the North was a paradoxical one, because the South benefited so much economically for slavery where little to no labour skills were needed it began to affect the American economy as a whole as it limited the growth of the US economy. Work ethic was undermined and slavery itself only was only beneficial to the US in the short term and in hindsight it is easy to see that it actually stunted the USShow MoreRelatedComparing American Slavery and the Holocaust994 Words   |  4 Pages The purpose of this essay is to compare and contrast the American Slavery and the Holocaust, in terms of which one was more malevolent than the other. Research indicates that â€Å"the â€Å"competition† between African-American and Jews has served to trivialize the malevolence which both has suffered† (Newton, 1999). According to L. Thomas â€Å"A separate issue that contributes to the tension between blacks and Jews refer to to the role that Jews played in the American Slave trade.† History Around 1600Read MoreThe Slavery Of The Holocaust1391 Words   |  6 Pageswho have received reparations for past wrongdoings. There have been a few isolated incidents, such as the Rosewood event, where African Americans were harmed and received reparations; however, reparations have also been given on a much larger scale. Ta-Nehisi Coates is a national correspondent at The Atlantic, and he has written books along with countless articles on African Americans and equally. Coates is one of the most important names in the debate for reparations; his article â€Å"The Case for Reparations†Read MoreHuman Cruelty1239 Words   |  5 Pageshigher powers, or bigger groups thought they could take over others and torture them. Humans tend to have hatred towards others because of their selfishness. They think they are better than others and can control them. The trail of tears, African Slavery, and the Holocaust all show human cruelty weather it is to the Indians, slaves, or Jewish peopl e by forcing them to do and go wherever the powerful forces made them. In the trail of tears, innocent Cherokee Indians were forced off their land. BetweenRead MoreThe Slavery Of African Americans1207 Words   |  5 PagesThere is no denying that the period of time where slavery was legal in America was a dark time that all wish was expunged from the nation’s history. Ever since the end of WWII came around and Japanese and victims of the Holocaust started to receive reparations for the ordeals then endeavored. This launched a proposal that the descendants of the enslaved people in the United States would be given some type of compensation. The form of compensation varies from individual monetary payments to land-basedRead MoreReparations For Slavery : Slavery1218 Words   |  5 Pages Reparations for Slavery? Harriet Tubman once said, â€Å"Now I ve been free, I know what a dreadful condition slavery is. I have seen hundreds of escaped slaves, but I never saw one who was willing to go back and be a slave.† What is a reparation? A reparation is the making of amends for a wrong one has done, by paying money to or otherwise helping those who have been wronged. The biggest question of time is should African Americans receive payments for slavery? Many people would say yes withRead More The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks by Rebecca Skloot Essay1510 Words   |  7 Pagesof Clover, Virginia to East Baltimore, where her children and grandchildren live and struggle with the legacy of her cells, Skloot remarkably shows the story of the Lacks family is inextricably connected to the dark history of experimentation on African Americans along with the issue of bioethics, and legal battles over whether we control the stuff we are made of. The most intriguing aspect of this story is how is it that HeLa cells were used to develop the polio vaccine, uncover secrets of cancerRead MoreThe Teacher Will Ask The Students981 Words   |  4 PagesBlack History Month has to do with remembering the movement from slavery to have an African-American president; it is about civil rights. The teacher will then ask â€Å"When we think of World War II, what’s the first thing that comes to mind?† The intended answer is the Holocaust (the teacher will guide answers, if necessary). The teacher will ask what the Holocaust was, who it affected, etc. The teacher will then point out that the Holocaust had some underlying themes that were similar to the culture ofRead MoreTo What Extent Can Reparations Affect The Quality Of Life For African Americans? Essay1645 Words   |  7 PagesTo what extent can reparations affect the quality of life for African Americans? In the present paper a clear link will be made between segregation and slavery and an increased poverty rate in African Americans now, as well as an analysis of previous historical instances of reparations and how other instances of reparations from slavery set a precedent for reparations for African Americans. There will also be mention of past historical precedent and how, when reparations were given prior, theyRead MoreSlavery And Its Effects On Society Essay1743 Words   |  7 Pages Humans Since the year 1619, slavery has been around, and there are thousands of victims that have been a part of this segregation. African Americans suffered and were mistreated throughout years, due to the existence of segregation of color. Individuals were treated like toys, objects, tortured, and killed for the fact of that their color of their skin is different. As stated before, dehumanization has existed since 1619, when the dutch traders captured the African Americans, where they sufferedRead MoreI First Visited The Virtual Holocaust Museum Website And Researched The Bodies Of The Holocaust871 Words   |  4 PagesWhen I first visited the virtual Holocaust Museum website and researched the bodies of the site it represented discrimination and bigotry. The action taken upon the innocent the dominant leader Adolf Hitler and the members of his group carried out Jews. The website classified the term Genocide to commit violent crimes against groups with the intent to destroy the existence of the group. The central issue raised by the site is informing people the awareness of Genocide. When I was looking into the

Drinking Age Free Essays

Kaitlyn Turner Fall 2010 CA 110 Mr. Foutz Introduction Attention-Getter: How many of you are 18? For those of you who are, 18 years old you are considered adults in nearly all aspects of the law, including voting rights and the ability to join the military, yet the United States still treats you as minors when it comes to drinking. Establishment of Credibility: According to Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services 7,000 teenagers under the age of 16 have already had their first sip of alcohol. We will write a custom essay sample on Drinking Age or any similar topic only for you Order Now Teen alcohol) According to the Century Council 10 million teens from the ages 12-20 admit to consuming alcohol in the past 30 days. 2% of 12 year olds drink, 22% of 16 years olds drink, and 56% of 20 year olds drink, and these percentages are steadily increasing. (Underage drinking statistics) Thesis/ Purpose: During my speech today, I will talk about how alcohol is ever-present in today’s American society. I will also talk about how alcohol is present all around people under 21 who are not allowed to consume it, but in reality most people under 21 drink alcohol and abuse alcohol. Throughout this speech I will try to persuade you to believe that the United States should lower their drinking age to 18, and begin educating teens on consuming alcohol responsibly. Preview of Main Points: First, I will discuss the current legal drinking age in the United States and other countries. Then, I will discuss the effects that the current legal drinking age has on America. Finally, I will talk about the potential benefits of a lower drinking age. ,, Body Main Idea 1: (Transition) Now, I am going to tell you about the current legal drinking age in the United States and other countries. A. United States 1. According to Alcohol Problems and Solutions legal drinking age in the United States is 21. i. Alcohol Problems and Solutions states, â€Å"The minimum drinking age of 21 in the U. S. appears to be not only ineffective but actually counter-productive. Although it was passed with the best of intentions, it has had some of the worst of outcomes. † 2. Legal drinking ages in the United States are under control of the states, which means the states get to decide how old they want their residents to be before being able to consume alcohol. . National Minimum Drinking Age Act of 1984 ii. According to the Alcohol Policy Information System the National Minimum Drinking Age Act of 1984 required that states prohibit persons under the age of 21 from purchasing or publicly possessing alcohol beverages as a condition of receiving State highway funds. B. In Other Countries a. According to Alcohol Problems and Solutions countries legal drinking ages vary from zero-21. i. So me countries with no drinking age Jamaica, Viet Nam, and Morocco. ii. Some countries with a 16 year old legal drinking age are Germany, Greece, Norway, Poland, and Spain. iii. Some countries with an 18 year old legal drinking age are Belize, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Ireland, Mexico, Russia, Turkey, and the United Kingdom. (Transition): Now that I have told you about the current legal drinking age in the United States and other countries, I will discuss the effects of the current drinking age. Main Idea 2: The United States legal drinking age of 21, has many negative effects on those who are under age. A. Alcohol is considered a, â€Å"Forbidden Fruit†. Alcohol is considered a forbidden fruit because prohibition increases the harm that it is supposed to reduce. a. Because the United States as such a high drinking age, teenagers are driven â€Å"underground† to drink alcohol. i. According to Parade. com Since teenagers are not allowed to drink openly in public, teens take their drinking to dorm rooms, isolated areas, or at unsupervised house parties. At these gatherings teens usually binge drink, because they are scared their party may be stopped. (Flynn) ii. Also according to Parade. com when teens come about a problem, such as someone drinking too much alcohol at these parties, or assaults, they are less likely to call for help because they are scared of getting in trouble. (Flynn) B. High Rates of Alcohol Abuse and Addiction b. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention binge drinking plays a huge part in Alcohol Abuse. Binge drinking is excessive drinking that brings a person’s blood alcohol concentration to . 08 percent or above. iii. Men – 5 drinks in two hours. iv. Women – 4 drinks in two hours. v. About 90% of the alcohol consumed by youth under the age of 21 in the United States is in the form of binge drinks. Main Idea 3 (Transition): Now that I have told you some of the negative effects of underage drinking, I will tell you about the potential benefits of a lower drinking age. A. Potential Benefits of a Lower Drinking Age a. Young people will learn to drink alcohol more responsibly. i. According to the group Choose Responsibility, if the drinking age is lowered to 18, everyone will be required to take an alcohol education class before they turn 18 to inform them on the dangers of alcohol. . Would lead to less alcohol abuse and addiction ii. Since alcohol would no longer be considered a forbidden fruit, teens could drink in more open environments such as social events and bars where their consumption could be monitored. iii. Some teens may also feel as if they have a more freedom; therefore, they would make more responsible decisions when it comes to consuming alcohol. Concl usion Signal the End: Today I have hopefully persuaded you to believe that the United States should lower their legal drinking age. Review of Main Points: I have told you about the United States and other countries legal drinking ages. What the current legal drinking age does to American teens. Also, the potential benefits of a lower drinking age. Closing: Now that I have told you reasons to lower the drinking age I hope you agree that by lowering the drinking age, the United States can begin to raise more responsible drinkers, who will not be as prone to alcohol abuse or addiction as today’s Americans are. Works Cited â€Å"15 Reasons Why Drinking Age Should be 18. 2009. Web. 29 Nov. 2010. Alcohol Policy Information System. â€Å"The National Minimum Drinking Age Policy of 1984. † Web. 29 Nov. 2010. â€Å"Binge Drinking. † Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2009. Web. 29 Nov. 2010. â€Å"Choose Responsibility. † 2010. Web. 29 Nov. 2010. Flynn, Sean. â€Å"Should the Drinking Age be lowered? † Parade. 2007. Web. 29 Nov. 2010. â€Å"Minimum Legal Drinking Ages around the World . † 2010. Web. 29 Nov. 2010. â€Å"Teen Alcohol† 2010. Web. 29 Nov. 2010. â€Å"Underage Drinking Statistics. † 2010. Web. 29 Nov. 2010. How to cite Drinking Age, Papers

Crime Data Comparison Paper free essay sample

CRIME DATA COMPARISON PAPER -Murder Rate According to the FBI Unified Crime Report for 2009, there were 385 murders in that year. The total population for Detroit in 2009 was Just over 951 ,OOO. (The Neighborhood Scout, 2009) In Minneapolis, a city with about one-half the population of Detroit, the number of murders was 47. Not only is the population less than Detroit, the murder rate 6 times lower than Detroit. Here you can see that population seems to play a role in the amount of murders for these metropolitan areas. The area that had the most reported incidents of murder was Detroit. Minneapolis has shown that they have seen a 17% decrease in violent crimes over the past 3 years. In the previous year, 2008 Detroit reported the murder rate of 339. This seemed to be an overall drop from the previous year 383. Though this seems like a positive sign for the city, this merely shows a decrease in violent crimes in the nation. We will write a custom essay sample on Crime Data Comparison Paper or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page (Hendron, 2009) It seems that more major cities have seen a drop in crime rates over time. The 339 murders over a population Just over 951 ,OOO make Detroit the deadliest metropolitan area in the United States. Additionally, Police officials in Detroit had isreported overall 2008 murder fgures intentionally to avoid this distinction. (Hendron, 2009) Minneapolis, in comparison, saw their murders drop from about forty to eighteen percent in 2008. (Kohler, 2009) As the rates of crime for these areas show patterns, one thing is certain, Detroit as a whole has a higher crime rate capacity. It appears that in Detroit the crime rate decreased approximately 11% and Minneapolis dropped about 20%. The rates have changed for both areas over the last few years. They appear to have been dropping when compared to other major cities and metropolitan areas. One theory that might explain a citys murder rate is the lack of good, affordable housing. Oeralyn, 2009) There are several theories on the reason for an areas murder rate to increase, decrease, or even remaining steady with little fluctuation. Jeralyn goes on to explain that the observation taken place in New York indicate that after the implementation of housing projects resulted in the homicide rate dropping, while Chicago, which did not have a housing project implemented, remained pretty steady. Both areas, Detroit and Minneapolis have both adopted this means of correction to eal with the increasing homicide rate. Another factor that plays a huge role in the murder rate is the overall poverty. Detroits poverty level is significantly higher than that of Minneapolis. Several added reasons to the rate are those of theft, robbery, and attempts of theft of property. Police chief, Warren Evans suggests that we will not see anymore oversights on the number of the murder rate and next year we should see a more correct and concrete number. He goes on to say that the new correct number may even show an increase to fix the oversight problem. Oosting, 2009) There is no way to tell whether or not the poverty level is the sole or even major cause of the murder rate. While likely to be a contributing factor, poverty cannot be the entire answer to the issue. Economic trends have shown that the poverty level has not only increased in Detroit, but across our entire nation. contribute to the rates of homicide. I know youVe heard the old saying, guns dont kill people, people with guns kill people. This statement has been argued both ways and there is no real information to support the claim here. Crime Data Comparison Paper free essay sample At the beginning of calendar each year, crime data from the previous year is collected room several different sources across the United States and is used to create the uniform Crime Report for the previous year, which can help determine what areas of the united States are experiencing the most crime and in what areas crime has increased or decreased.Being able to see this information can help law enforcement agencies, such as State Troopers, determine where more manpower Is needed and assist in determining what cities and areas have a higher rate of crime and are in need of the financing to hire more law enforcement to combat the rise in crime. The two cities used for comparison are Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania and Philadelphia, Pennsylvania for the time frame of January 2009 through June 2009. With Philadelphia holding a much larger population at an average of 1. Million compared to Pittsburgh average of 400 thousand, the number of burglaries that were reported was higher in Philadelphia than those that were reported in Pennsylvania, according to the Uniform Crime Report for June of 2009. We will write a custom essay sample on Crime Data Comparison Paper or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The rates of crime for Pittsburgh and Philadelphia also differ greatly due to the differences in populations. According to the uniform Crime Report in 2008, the amount of burglaries that were reported in Philadelphia totaled 5,828 while those reported In Pittsburgh trailed behind at Just 1. 390. This averages 112 burglaries a day in Philadelphia for an affected area of 135. 9 square miles while Pittsburgh averages only 26 burglaries a day for a smaller area of 55 square miles. However, in 2009, the uniform Crime Report stated that the amount of reported burglaries In Philadelphia had dropped from 5,828 to a lower rate of 4,847 and the burglaries in Pittsburgh roping from 1,390 to a lower rate of 1,220. There is a large decrease in the amount or reported burglaries for the year of 2009 averaging almost 1000 burglaries fewer than the previous year in 2008 resulting in an average of 93 burglaries a day from the 112 per day from 2008.In Pittsburgh, crime reduced to a rate of 23 burglaries a day from the 26 per day from the previous year, resulting In 170 less burglaries from the 11390 ;n 2008. When determining the factors that explain the difference in burglaries for Philadelphia has a much, much larger population than Pittsburgh, resulting in the Geiger reported burglaries in that area and the larger number of decrease in crime in 2009.The decrease in crime in both cities shows that law enforcement, home security system, and neighborhood watches, have been e ffectively used as a burglary deterrent in both cities. Other factors play into the fall of the crime rate include Job availability; less people are unemployed which means that people are less desperate to come up with money which reduces the burglary rates. Another cause for the reduction of burglary is that seasoned criminals who were committing the crimes homeless and recruiting others to assist with committing the crimes are now behind bars. Additional factors such as crime code changes, incidents not being crimes, a fall in reporting, and fewer police officers observing crimes (Understanding The Crime Fall, (2013) are also important when determining why crime has reduced in an area. Whether viewing crime rates in two cities such as Pittsburgh and Philadelphia or Dallas and Austin, data obtained from the Uniform Crime Report has been essential in determining what areas of the United States are affected by more or less crime Han others since its creation in 1929.